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Here’s all about Hydrocotyle tripartita — also known as Hydrocotyle "Japan", a popular aquarium plant known for its bright green clover-like leaves, fast growth, and excellent use as a foreground or carpeting plant in aquascaping.
🌿 Scientific Classification
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Scientific Name: Hydrocotyle tripartita
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Common Names:
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Hydrocotyle "Japan"
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Japanese Pennywort
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Clover Leaf Plant
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Family: Araliaceae
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Origin: Southeast Asia and Australia
🌱 Plant Description
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Leaf Shape: Small, clover or fan-shaped with three lobes
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Leaf Color: Bright green
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Growth Habit: Creeping, bushy, and mat-forming
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Height: 3–10 cm (1–4 inches)
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Growth Rate: Fast, especially under high light and CO₂
💧 Tank Requirements
| Parameter | Ideal Range |
|---|---|
| Temperature | 20–28°C (68–82°F) |
| pH | 5.5–7.5 |
| Hardness | Soft to moderately hard |
| Lighting | Medium to High |
| CO₂ | Strongly recommended for compact growth |
| Substrate | Nutrient-rich preferred (but can grow in sand or gravel if fertilized) |
🌾 Growth & Propagation
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Growth Style: Horizontal runners forming dense mats
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Trimming: Requires regular trimming to prevent vertical growth and maintain carpet
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Propagation: Easily propagated by cutting and replanting the runners or individual stems with roots
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Tank Placement: Ideal for foreground, carpet, or terracing small slopes
🌟 Aquascaping Use
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Common in Iwagumi, Dutch, and Nature-style aquascapes
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Creates lush, green carpets or low mounds
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Can climb up rocks or driftwood if allowed
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Pairs beautifully with:
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Hairgrass (Eleocharis acicularis)
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Glossostigma elatinoides
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Monte Carlo
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🧠 Care Tips
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Needs high light and CO₂ for compact, healthy growth
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Trim frequently to avoid tall, leggy stems
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Keep it unshaded for a flat carpet
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Avoid planting too deep; roots should touch the substrate but crown should be exposed
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Supplement with liquid fertilizers or root tabs
⚠️ Common Issues
| Issue | Cause |
|---|---|
| Yellowing or melting | CO₂ or nutrient deficiency |
| Upright, tall growth | Low light or irregular trimming |
| Sparse carpeting | Weak runners due to poor light/ferts |
| Algae on leaves | High light without balancing nutrients or CO₂ |
🐠 Compatibility
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Perfect for shrimp tanks — shrimp love grazing on the dense foliage
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Provides hiding spots for fry
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Safe for all peaceful fish
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May be nibbled by plant-eaters like goldfish or some snails
📌 Quick Summary
| Feature | Detail |
|---|---|
| Type | Creeping foreground plant |
| Color | Bright green |
| Growth Rate | Fast (with CO₂ & light) |
| Placement | Foreground, carpeting, or mounded accents |
| Lighting | Medium to high |
| CO₂ Requirement | Recommended for compact growth |
| Difficulty | Moderate |
✅ Why Choose Hydrocotyle tripartita?
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Offers fast, lush carpeting with minimal vertical growth under the right conditions
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Brings a fresh, clover-like texture to planted tanks
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Versatile: Can climb, drape, or spread
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A favorite among aquascapers for ease of shaping and trimming
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